Ukusebenzisa iBitcoin Kubomi Bemihla Ngemihla

Siyakhangela inethiwekhi yeVisa yeBitcoin. Kodwa into endicinga ukuba inamandla kukuba, ngokungafaniyo neVisa, nabani na angakha phezu kwayo.
Elizabeth Stark

Itekhnoloji zihlala zikhula kwaye zandiswe ngeemaleko, njengestaki. Cinga ngewebhusayithi oyithandayo, i-imeyile, okanye imidiya yoluntu: zakhiwe phezu kweprotocol ye-intanethi, eyakhiwe phezu kweekhompyutha, ezakhiwe phezu kombane, njalo njalo. Ezi teknoloji zaqala zinesakhiwo esilula kakhulu kwaye ziqhubekile ukuphucuka ngokuhamba kwexesha.

I-Bitcoin ayisiyonto ingaqhelekanga. Njengoko uAndreas Antonopoulos watsho ngokudumileyo, “I-Bitcoin yintanethi yemali.” Yeyona maleko isisiseko yemali yedijithali ezinzileyo, inika isiseko esiluqilima apho itekhnoloji entsha iza kwakhiwa khona.

Enye yale maleko ibizwa ngokuba yi-Lightning Network. Ifana nomgaqo omkhulu okhawulezayo weBitcoin, onceda abantu bathumele kwaye bamkele i-bitcoin ngokukhawuleza nangemirhumo ephantsi kakhulu. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba benze iintengiselwano ezikhawulezayo, ezincinci phezu kwenethiwekhi eqhelekileyo yeBitcoin. Oku kwenza ukuthenga ikofu okanye ukuhlawula umhlobo kube lula kwaye kukhawuleze! Ewe, njengazo zonke izinto, oku kuza neengxaki ezithile zokutshintshiselana.

I-Lightning Network yinkqubo yokuhlawula evumela abasebenzisi ukuba bathumele kwaye bamkele i-bitcoin ngokukhawuleza nangexabiso eliphantsi. Isebenza ngokumisela i-wallet esabelwana ngayo apho omabini amaqela agcina khona i-bitcoin yabo. Emva koko banokwenza iintengiselwano ezingapheliyo phakathi kwabo ngaphandle kokuba kufuneka baxelele nganye nganye kwi-blockchain ephambili. Ngokwenza njalo, bayayigqitha imfuneko yokuqinisekisa nokufaka yonke intengiselwano kwi-block, nto leyo eyenza inkqubo ikhawuleze kwaye ibe nexabiso eliphantsi. Imirhumo ephantsi ithetha ukuba i-Lightning Network ingasetyenziswa kwiintlawulo ezincinci ezingasoloko zisebenza kwi-chain. Xa amaqela egqiba ukugqiba intsebenziswano yabo, kuphela ibhalansi yokugqibela ebhalwa kwi-blockchain.

Zicingele usuku usebenza kwikhefi. Uceba ukuhlala ixesha elide, uvula ithebhu kwaye uhlawule kwangaphambili endaweni yokuhlawula nganye nganye iodolo. Ekupheleni kosuku, wena nomnini wevenkile nijonga ithebhu ukuze nihlengahlengise ityala. Ukuba idiphozithi yakho ingaphezulu kunoko uchitheyo, ufumana umahluko; ukuba uchithe ngaphezulu, uhlawula osele uswele.

Le ndlela ingandiswa ukuze ibandakanye abathathi-nxaxheba abaninzi. Umzekelo, kwenye yeendwendwe zakho kwikhefi, uzisa umhlobo wakho ongazaziyo umphathi kwaye akakwazi ukuvula ithebhu. Unika umhlobo wakho ithebhu yakho ekhoyo ukuze ihlawule iindleko zabo, kwaye niyavumelana ukuba baya kukubuyisela imali ngokuzimeleyo. Ngoku khawucinge ngamawaka abantu benza into efanayo ngaxeshanye, bevumela abanye ukuba basebenzise iithebhu ezikhoyo ukudibanisa nabanye abantu abaninzi — yile ndlela i-Lightning Network isebenza ngayo!

Nge-Lightning, unokwenza iintlawulo kuye nabani na okwi-network, hayi kuphela kumntu onethebhu naye ngqo — ukuba kuphela kukho indlela phakathi kwamaqela omabini. Intlawulo yakho ingahamba kwi-network ide ifike kwindawo yayo, nokuba awunalo ijelo elivulekileyo ngqo kumamkeli.

Masiqwalasele umahluko phakathi kweentengiselwano ezikwikhonkco (on-chain) nezingekho kwikhonkco (off-chain).

Iintengiselwano Ezikwikhonkco

Ezi ziintengiselwano ezenzeka ngqo kwi-Bitcoin blockchain. Zithatha malunga nemizuzu eli-10 ukuqinisekiswa, kwaye imirhumo ixhomekeke kubungakanani bentengiselwano kwi-virtual bytes. Zikhuselekile ngakumbi kodwa zicotha, kuba zifuna imvumelwano yenethiwekhi.

Iintengiselwano ze-Lightning Network

Ezi ntengiselwano zenzeka kwinethiwekhi eyahlukileyo eyakhiwe ngaphezulu kwe-Bitcoin blockchain. Zihlawulwa ngokukhawuleza nangemirhumo ephantsi. Zisetyenziswa rhoqo apho izinto ezifana nesantya kunye neendleko zentengiselwano zibalulekile. Xa kuthelekiswa neentengiselwano ezikwikhonkco, azikhuselekanga kangako.

Iwallet ye-Lightning ifana newallet ye-Bitcoin kuba ikuvumela ukuba uthumele kwaye wamkele i-bitcoin. Umahluko ophambili kukuba isebenza kwi-Lightning Network, umaleko wesibini owakhiwe ngaphezulu kwe-Bitcoin. Njengeewallet ze-Bitcoin, ii-wallet ze-Lightning zineempawu ezahlukeneyo ekufuneka uziqwalasele phambi kokukhetha enye.

Ukuzigcina wena vs Ukugcinwa ngabanye

Ii-wallet ze-Lightning zinokwahlulwa ngeendlela ezininzi, kodwa ukuze kube lula, sizahlula zibe ziindidi ezimbini: ezizigcinayo wena kunye nezigcinwa ngabanye.
Iwallet ezigcinayo wena ithetha ukuba ulawula izitshixo zakho. Iwallet egcinwa ngabanye ithetha ukuba omnye umntu ulawula izitshixo zakho.
Ngewallet egcinwa ngabanye, unokuthumela kwaye wamkele iintlawulo, kodwa uxhomekeke kumntu wesithathu kwaye uphulukana nolawulo olupheleleyo lweemali zakho ngenxa yokulula. Oku kungalunga kwiimali ezincinci, kodwa kusekho kungcono ukusebenzisa iwallet ezigcinayo wena xa sele uqonda indlela esebenza ngayo. Kule nxalenye isalayo, siza kugxila kuphela kwi-wallet ze-Lightning ezizigcinayo wena.

Umthombo Ovulekileyo vs Umthombo Ovaliwe

Ii-wallet ze-Lightning zinokuthi zibe ngumthombo ovulekileyo okanye umthombo ovaliweyo. Iiwallet zomthombo ovulekileyo zithandwa kuba ikhowudi yazo ivulekile, ingajongwa nangubani na, kwaye ingaphuculwa luluntu.

Ukuseta i-wallet ye-Lightning ozigcinelayo kufana kakhulu nokuseta i-wallet ye-Bitcoin ozigcinelayo.

1. Khangela usetyenziso kwi-App Store (iOS) okanye kwi-Google Play Store (Android).
2. Vula usetyenziso uze wenze i-wallet entsha. Uza kucelwa ukuba ugcine uluhlu lwamagama ali-12 ukuya kwangama-24: le yinkcazo yakho yokubuyisela (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-seed phrase). Qiniseka ukuba uyayibhala phantsi kwaye uyigcine kwindawo ekhuselekileyo! Le nkcazo yokubuyisela ikuvumela ukuba ufumane ukufikelela ngokupheleleyo kwiimali zakho xa kuyimfuneko. Ukuba ulahleka okanye ulibale olu luhlu lwamagama, awuzukukwazi ukufikelela kwi-bitcoin yakho ukuba ulahlekelwa ukufikelela kwi-wallet yakho.
3. Kuya kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba ugcine inkcazo yakho yokubuyisela. Ukwenza oku, ngenisa amagama e-seed phrase yakho ngendlela efanayo.
4. Ukukhusela ngakumbi, ezinye ii-wallet zikuvumela ukuba usete i-PIN okanye iphasiwedi.
5. Ngoku unokuqalisa ukuthumela nokwamkela i-bitcoin kwi-Lightning.

Qaphela: Ukuba usebenzisa i-wallet egcinwa ngomnye umntu (custodial wallet), kusenokwenzeka ukuba akufuneki ulandele onke la manyathelo. Nangona kunjalo, ii-wallet ezinjalo zineengozi kuba awulawuli isitshixo sakho sabucala, oko kuthetha ukuba awulawuli ngokupheleleyo imali yakho.

Nge-wallet ye-Lightning, ukusebenzisa iBitcoin kuyakhawuleza, kuxabisa kancinci, kwaye kuyimfihlo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukuthengiselana phakathi kwabantu ababini kube lula. Ungathumela kwaye wamkele i-bitcoin ngokukhawuleza kwizinto zemihla ngemihla ezifana nokuthenga ikofu.

Makhe sijonge imizekelo embalwa ye-Lightning Network isebenza.

Umzekelo 1

UMarcia no-Eve ngamnye baneeyunithi ezi-5 zemali. UMarcia ufuna ukuthumela ii-yunithi ezi-2 ku-Eve. Intlawulo idlula kuJeff, onceda ukudlulisela intlawulo kwi-Lightning Network. Emva kokuba intlawulo igqityiwe, u-Eve uneeyunithi ezi-7 kwaye u-Marcia unezi-3.

UJeff unceda ekudluliseni intlawulo, kodwa akakwazi ukweba imali. I-Lightning Network isebenzisa i-cryptography ukuqinisekisa ukuba kuphela lowo kufanelekile afumane intlawulo. UJeff nje unceda intlawulo ukuba ihambe kwi-network.

Oku kubonisa inzuzo ephambili ye-Lightning Network: abantu banokuthumela iintlawulo ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokuthembela kubalamli abafana neebhanki.

Abasebenzisi be-node abafana noJeff banokufumana imirhumo emincinci ngokunceda ukudlulisela iintlawulo. Ngokwenza oku, banegalelo ekugcineni inethiwekhi ingaphakathi kolawulo lwabantu abaninzi kwaye isebenza kakuhle.

Xa kuthelekiswa nokuthengiselana okuqhelekileyo kweBitcoin:

• Iintengiselwano ezikwibhulokhwe (on-chain) zenzeka ngqo kwi-blockchain yeBitcoin. Zikhuselekile kakhulu kodwa zinokucotha kwaye zibize.
• Iintengiselwano ze-Lightning zenzeka ngaphandle kwe-blockchain (off-chain) kwaye zivumela iintlawulo ukuba zihambe ngokukhawuleza kakhulu nangexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu.

Ngenxa yoku, i-Lightning iluncedo kwiintlawulo ezincinci zemihla ngemihla, ngelixa iintengiselwano ezikwibhulokhwe zisetyenziswa rhoqo kwiintlawulo ezinkulu okanye ukugcina imali ixesha elide.

Umzekelo 2

UMina uyathanda ukutya ngaphandle kwaye uhlala etyelela ikhefi yakhe ayithandayo. Ngenxa yokuba zininzi iindlela zokuhlawula, akaziqinisekanga ukuba yeyiphi engcono. Ngethamsanqa, sele efunde kancinci malunga neBitcoin kunye ne-Lightning Network. Emva kokujonga iinketho zakhe, uMina uqonda ukuba ukusebenzisa indlela yokuhlawula ye-Lightning yeyona ilungileyo.

UMina ufuna ukuthenga ikofu, kodwa ukuhlawula ngeBitcoin eqhelekileyo kungathatha ixesha kwaye kufune imirhumo ephezulu. Endaweni yoko, ugqiba ekubeni asebenzise i-Lightning Network.

I-Lightning Network ivumela abantu ukuba bathumele i-bitcoin kwangoko nangemirhumo ephantsi kakhulu. Oku kuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu kwiintengiselwano ezincinci zemihla ngemihla ezifana nekofu.

Ukuqala ukusebenzisa i-Lightning, uMina ukhuphela i-wallet ye-Lightning kwifowuni yakhe. Emva koko uthumela i-bitcoin encinane esuka kwi-wallet yakhe eqhelekileyo yeBitcoin ukuya kwi-wallet yakhe ye-Lightning. Eli nyathelo lisebenzisa intengiselwano eqhelekileyo yeBitcoin kwi-blockchain. Xa imali sele ikwi-wallet yakhe ye-Lightning, ingasetyenziswa kwi-Lightning Network.

Ngoku uMina angahlawula ikhefi kwangoko esebenzisa i-Lightning. Intlawulo yenzeka ngaphandle kwe-blockchain ephambili yeBitcoin, yiyo loo nto ikhawuleza kwaye ixabisa kancinci kunentengiselwano eqhelekileyo ye-on-chain.

Iintengiselwano ezikwikhonkco (on-chain) zenzeka ngqo kwi-blockchain yeBitcoin kwaye zingathatha ixesha elide kunye nemirhumo ephezulu. Iintengiselwano zeLightning zenzeka ngaphandle kwekhonkco (off-chain), okuvumela iintlawulo ezikhawulezayo nezixabisa kancinci ngelixa zisasebenzisa i-bitcoin.

Le yimaphu yeLightning Network yonke. Ngenxa yamawaka abantu abaqhuba ii-node zeLightning, unokuthumela ii-sats kuye nawuphi na umsebenzisi one-wallet yeBitcoin Lightning, naphi na emhlabeni. Intlawulo iya kufika ngemizuzwana embalwa kwaye iya kubiza iisenti ezimbalwa kuphela.Zama ngokwakho!

Umsebenzi: Lightning Relay Race

Lo ngumsebenzi owenziwa ngesandla apho abafundi bathumela kwaye bamkela ii-sats zokwenene besebenzisa i-Lightning Network.

Amanqaku Aphambili

1. Ukusebenzisa i-wallet yeLightning kuya kwakha ukuzithemba kwakho ekwamkeleni nasekuthumeleni ii-sats zokwenene.
2. Qaphela iiyunithi. Ezinye ii-wallet zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bathumele i-bitcoin OKANYE ii-sats (1/100,000,000 ye-bitcoin).
3. Iintlawulo zeLightning ngamanye amaxesha zinokunqunyanyiswa ekuthumeleni, ngakumbi xa intlawulo inkulu. Nangona kunjalo, olu hlobo lwamava lomsebenzisi luyancipha njengoko inethiwekhi ikhula.

Icebiso Labafundi

Qinisekisa nomfundisi wakho ukuba imirhumo yangoku yeentengiselwano zeBitcoin ezikwikhonkco iya kuchaphazela njani/ukuba ichaphazela i-wallet yeLightning oyisebenzisayo.

Ukhe wakhe wazibuza ukuba ungasebenzisa i-bitcoin ukuthenga indebe yakho yekofu yemihla ngemihla okanye ukuthenga izinto zokutya ekhaya? Kuyavela ukuba unako! Kukho iindlela ezininzi, kwi-intanethi nakwiivenkile zomzimba, ezikuvumela ukuba uhlawule nge-bitcoin. Siza kuphonononga ezinye zezo ndlela kunye nezixhobo eziza kukunceda ufumane iivenkile ezikufutshane ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa i-bitcoin yakho.

Nangona ukuhlawula ngekhadi letyala okanye nge-app kunokubonakala kulula kumntu ohlawulayo, inkqubo yokuhlawula inzima kakhulu kwaye ibandakanya amaqela amaninzi ahlukeneyo.

Umntu ngamnye ophakathi uthatha imali yenkonzo, ngoko ke, nangona kungabonakala kulula, kukhawuleza, kwaye kungabizi, ezi ndleko zinokukhawuleza zibe phezulu kumntu omncinci oshishino, zihlala zigqitha kwi-3% yexabiso. Kwaye asikabali neendleko zokutshintsha imali!

Iindleko Zokusebenza Kwekhadi Letyala

NgeBitcoin kunye neLightning Network, amashishini angafumana iintlawulo kwangoko avela kwihlabathi liphela ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yemali evulekileyo, ekhuselekileyo, eyenzelwe i-intanethi, engenamda, kwaye engavimbelwanga.

Kwi-Intanethi

BTCPay Server ngumphathi wentlawulo ovulekileyo onika abathengisi ithuba lokwamkela iintlawulo nge-bitcoin ngaphandle kolwazi olunzulu lobugcisa. Imahla ngokupheleleyo kwaye ayibizi naziphi na iikomishini. Amashishini akwi-intanethi angadibanisa i-BTCPay Server ngokulula ngokongeza i-plugin ye-BTCPay kwiwebhusayithi yawo. Kuba i-BTCPay Server yiprojekthi evulekileyo, hayi inkampani, unokunceda kule projekthi xa sele ufunde ngakumbi ngayo kunye nenkqubo yekhompyutha. Jonga BTCPayServer.org ukuze ufumane ulwazi olungakumbi malunga nendlela yokusebenzisa le nkqubo yokuhlawula kwishishini lakho elikwi-intanethi okanye elomzimba.

BTCPay Server: Yahluke Ngantoni?

• Imahla kwaye ivulekile: Yenziwe imahla ukuya kwimahla. Ilayisensi ye-MIT. Akukho ntlawulo yokuthengiselana, yokubhalisa okanye yokusebenza. Ivulekile ngokupheleleyo. Iintlawulo ziqhutywa ngqo, phakathi kwabantu ababini.
• Isebenza ngokuzimeleyo: Nabani na angamisa iseva yakhe. Yiba ngumphathi wentlawulo ozimeleyo kwaye ufumane iintlawulo ngqo kwi-wallet yakho. Nceda abahlobo bakho okanye uluntu lwakho kwaye uphathe iintlawulo zabo. Inani elingenamda leevenkile linokudityaniswa kwi-BTCPay Server enye.
• Iimfihlo, Akukho mntu ophakathi: Amaqela athembekileyo aphakathi ayingozi kwikhuseleko. I-BTCPay iyawasusa. Iintlawulo ziqhutywa phakathi kwabantu ababini, ngqo. Idatha ayabelwana ngayo. Akukho KYC/ALM.
• Ikhuselekile: Isitshixo sakho semfihlo asidingeki. Ayigcini mali. I-BTCPay ifuna kuphela ii-xpubkeys (isitshixo sikawonke-wonke) ukwenza i-invoice. Ikhowudi ivulekile kwaye ingajongwa ngabahlalutyi bokhuseleko kunye nabaqambi.
• Ayivimbelwanga: Akukho ndawo iphambili yokusilela. Akukho mntu uyilawulayo ngaphandle komsebenzisi oyisebenzisayo. Ungayiqhuba kwizixhobo zakho.

Ubuso ngobuso

Iivenkile zomzimba nazo zingasebenzisa i-BTCPay Server ukwamkela iintlawulo, okanye zingalanda nje i-wallet yeBitcoin kwaye zamkele iintlawulo ngqo kwifowuni yazo.

Ukufumana umrhwebi owamkela i-bitcoin kwindawo okuyo, yiya ku BTCMap.org kwaye ukhangele ummandla wakho. I-BTCMap.org imephu evulekileyo apho abathengisi abamkela iBitcoin banokubhalisa amashishini abo. Kwaye, abasebenzisi banokongeza abathengisi abatsha kwaye bahlaziye imephu ukuqinisekisa ukuba abathengisi abakhankanyiweyo basamkela i-bitcoin. Sisixhobo esinamandla kubantu abafuna ukusebenzisa i-bitcoin yabo.

Izixhobo Zokutshintsha: Iivawutsha, Amakhadi Esipho, kunye Namakhadi Okuhlawula

Ukuthenga iimveliso okanye iinkonzo kumashishini angakamkeli i-bitcoin, kukho isixhobo esiphakathi ongasisebenzisa: amakhadi esipho.

Amanye amashishini agxile ekuthengeni nasekuthengiseni amakhadi esipho ngokutshintshiselana nge-bitcoin. Oko kuthetha ukuba unokufumana ikhadi lesipho kwivenkile ofuna ukuthenga kuyo ngokutshintshiselana nge-bitcoin, emva koko usebenzise ikhadi lesipho ngqo kwivenkile. Amatikiti eenqwelomoya, iihotele, imidlalo, amakhadi e-SIM... unokuthenga phantse nantoni na nge-bitcoin kunye namakhadi esipho!

Uqoqosho Olujikelezayo

Uqoqosho olujikelezayo luquka abathathi-nxaxheba abathatha isigqibo sokuxhasana ngokuzama ukuthenga nokuthengisa phakathi kwabo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Umzekelo, uluntu lwabalimi abathengiselana ngezinto zabo endaweni yokuthenga evenkileni enkulu.

Xa kusetyenziswa kwiBitcoin, uqoqosho olujikelezayo lwakhiwa ngokuxhasa abathengisi basekuhlaleni kunye nabasebenzi abanobuchule abamkela i-bitcoin, ukuze bonke abathathi-nxaxheba bakhule kunye ngenxa yeempawu eziphambili zeBitcoin.

Uqoqosho lokuqala lweBitcoin olwakha kwakha luseArnhem, eNetherlands. Lwakhiwa kudala phambi kokuba i-Lightning Network ikhona — kodwa ngelo xesha, iintlawulo ezisemxholweni zazisezantsi kakhulu!

Okwesibini yayiyiBitcoin Beach, eseEl Zonte, eEl Salvador. Yayiyokuqala ukusebenzisa amandla e-Lightning Network ukubonelela uluntu, olwalungabhaliswanga kwiibhanki, ngeentlawulo zedijithali ezikhawulezayo ngqo kwiifowuni zabo ezihlakaniphile!

Namhlanje, amakhulu oqoqosho olujikelezayo ayakhiwa kwihlabathi liphela, eqhutywa yiBitcoin, i-Lightning Network, kunye nezixhobo zemfundo.

Ngomhla BTCMap.org, unokukhangela iindawo zoluntu lweBitcoin apho uya kudibana nabanye abasebenzisi beBitcoin kwaye ufumane amashishini amkela iBitcoin. Abanye ootitshala nabafundi bethu sele bongeze amashishini kunye noqoqosho olujikelezayo kwiBTCmap.org — kwaye xa sele ulungele, nawe unako!

Izixhobo

Bitcoin Lightning Network Explained: How it Actually Works

Bukela le vidiyo malunga neLightning Network