Anthu ambiri samaganizira za ndalama.

Osati kupeza ndalama, osati kugwiritsa ntchito, koma kuganizira zenizeni za zomwe ndalama ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito.

Izi zingamveke ngati zachilendo kunena, koma ndi zoona.

Timagwiritsa ntchito moyo wathu wonse ndi ndalama popanda kufunsa mafunso.

Henry Ford ananena kuti chinthu chabwino ndi chakuti anthu ambiri samamvetsa dongosolo la mabanki ndi ndalama, chifukwa akanamvetsa, padzakhala chipolowe.

Ngakhale mutavomereza kapena kukana zomwe Ford ananena, funsoli ndi lofunika kuganizira: chiyani chimene ambiri aife sitikudziwa za ndalama zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku?

Maphunzirowa amamangidwa mozungulira funso limenelo.

Pomaliza pa maphunzirowa, mudzakhala ndi kumvetsa bwino za zomwe ndalama ndi zenizeni, chifukwa chiyani dongosolo lomwe lilipo lili ndi mavuto akulu, My First Bitcoin ndi chiyani, komanso momwe mungayambire kugwiritsa ntchito.

Ndalama zilibe mtengo wake wokha.

Izi zingamveke zachilendo, koma ganizirani izi, palibe amene amafuna ndalama chifukwa cha ndalama zokha. Timafuna ndalama chifukwa cha zomwe tingagule nazo. Bili ya K10 ndi pepala chabe. Chimene chimapangitsa kukhala kothandiza ndi chakuti anthu ena adzalandira ngati kusinthana ndi zinthu zomwe tikufunadi.

Izi ndi zomwe zimapatula ndalama ndi kusinthana zinthu mwachindunji.

Mu dongosolo la kusinthana zinthu mwachindunji, malonda amangotheka ngati anthu awiriwo akufuna zomwe mnzake ali nazo. Ngati iwe ukulima maapulo ndipo ine ndimalima nthochi, tingasinthe, koma pokhapokha ngati iwe ukufunadi nthochi. Ndalama zimathandiza pamenepa chifukwa zimapereka njira imodzi yomwe aliyense angagwiritse ntchito ndi aliyense, nthawi iliyonse.

Kuti chinthu chigwire ntchito bwino ngati ndalama, chiyenera kuchita zinthu zitatu.

Chiyenera kuvomerezedwa kwambiri ngati njira yosinthira zinthu. Chiyeneranso kugwira ntchito ngati muyezo wowerengera mtengo, kutipatsa njira imodzi yogwirizana yoyeza ndi kuyerekezera mtengo wa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Ndipo chiyenera kusunga mtengo wake, kutanthauza kuti chiyenera kusunga mphamvu yogulira zinthu kwa nthawi yayitali.

M'mbiri, zinthu zambiri zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ndalama: makhungwa, mchere, zibangili, zitsulo zamtengo wapatali. Golide ndi siliva pamapeto pake zinalamulira chifukwa zinali zochepa, zolimba, komanso zovomerezeka padziko lonse. Koma kunyamula golide sikunali kothandiza, choncho mabanki anayamba kupereka mapepala ngati umboni, iliyonse ikuyimira golide yosungidwa m’chipinda chosungira. Nthawi imeneyi imadziwika kuti gold standard.

Pamapita nthawi, maboma anayamba kusindikiza mapepala ambiri kuposa golide yomwe anali nayo. Kenako mu 1971, ku US kunaletsa kusinthana kwa dollar ndi golide, zomwe zimadziwika kuti Nixon Shock. Kuyambira pamenepo, ndalama zakhala zomwe akatswiri azachuma amati fiat money. Mawu akuti fiat amatanthauza "malinga ndi lamulo." Ndalama zathu sizikuthandizidwanso ndi chuma chilichonse chogwika. Zilipo chifukwa boma latero.

Tinatuluka ku ndalama zothandizidwa ndi chinthu, kupita ku ndalama zothandizidwa ndi munthu.

Anthu akamva mawu oti kukwera kwa mitengo (inflation), nthawi zambiri amaganiza kuti zikutanthauza kuti mitengo ikukwera.

Ndizoona, koma ndi chizindikiro chokha.

Chifukwa chenicheni ndi chachikulu kwambiri: ndalama tsopano zitha kulengedwa mopanda malire, ndipo anthu ochepa kwambiri ndi amene amalamulira ndondomekoyi.

Ganizirani za chomwe chimapangitsa chinthu kukhala chamtengo wapatali.

Mona Lisa yoyambirira ili ndi mtengo woposa makope ake onse, osati chifukwa imawoneka bwino, koma chifukwa ndi imodzi yokha. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu kumapangitsa mtengo. Zimenezi ndizofanana ndi ndalama.

Chinthu chikakhala chambiri, mtengo wa chilichonse umachepa.

Dola la ku US lataya mphamvu yogulira zinthu oposa 96% kuyambira 1913.

Cheeseburger yomwe inali ndi mtengo wa 19 tambala mu 1940 tsopano imafika pa K2,500. Izi sizichitika chifukwa cheeseburger yasintha, koma chifukwa ndalama iliyonse ili ndi mphamvu yochepa kuposa kale.

Ndalama zanu zosungira, malipiro anu, ndi mphamvu yanu yogulira zinthu zonse zikungochepa pang'onopang'ono, osati chifukwa cha zomwe mwachita, koma chifukwa cha mmene dongosololi limapangidwira.

Ichi ndi vuto limene Bitcoin inamangidwa kuti ithetse.

Bitcoin ndi ndalama za pa intaneti zomwe sizili pansi pa boma, sizitha, ndipo zimagwira ntchito popanda ulamuliro wa maboma kapena mabanki. Makhalidwe atatuwa ali ofunika kwambiri.

Kukhala osadalira boma kapena kampani iliyonse zikutanthauza kuti palibe bungwe limodzi, palibe boma, palibe kampani, kapena munthu m'modzi yemwe ali ndi ulamuliro. Ogwiritsa ntchito a netiwekiyi ndi amene amasamalira, ndipo aliyense kulikonse angathe kutenga nawo mbali. Yerekezani izi ndi dongosolo la ndalama lomwe lilipo, pomwe kusindikiza ndalama kapena kutsegula banki ndi zosatheka kwa anthu wamba.

Kukhala wochepa zikutanthauza kuti sipadzakhala bitcoin oposa 21 miliyoni padziko lonse. Nambalayi yalembedwa mwamphamvu mu dongosololi ndipo sizingasinthe popanda kuvomerezedwa ndi netiweki yonse ya padziko lapansi. Pamene ndalama za boma zimawonjezeka mopanda malire, bitcoin iliyonse imakhala yamtengo wapatali poyerekeza. Ndi kusowa komwe ndalama za boma zilibe.

Kukhala yodziyimira pawokha zikutanthauza kuti palibe amene angalepheretse malipiro anu, kuzizira ndalama zanu, kapena kusintha malamulo. Bitcoin imapereka chitetezo chotsutsana ndi kuletsedwa kwa malipiro, zomwe sizingatheke ndi akaunti ya banki.

Anthu ambiri amaganiza molakwika kuti Bitcoin ndi yovuta kufikira chifukwa cha mtengo wake. Koma simuyenera kugula bitcoin yonse. Monga momwe kwacha imasweka kukhala tambala 100, bitcoin imasweka kukhala magawo 100 miliyoni otchedwa satoshis. Mutha kukhala ndi gawo la bitcoin ngakhale ndi ndalama zochepa.

Netiwekiyi imagwira ntchito ndi anthu atatu: ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amatuma ndi kulandira bitcoin, ma node omwe amatsimikizira malipiro ndi kutsatira malamulo, ndi ogwira ntchito (miners) omwe amawonjezera ma block atsopano mu mbiri. Mbiri imeneyi, blockchain, ndi yotseguka, yokhalitsa, ndipo aliyense angathe kuiona. Palibe apakati, palibe oletsa, chilungamo chonse.

Chikwama cha Bitcoin ndi pulogalamu yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wotumiza, kulandira, ndi kusamalira bitcoin yanu. Chofunika kwambiri chomwe muyenera kumvetsa musanasankhe ndi za umwini wa ndalama.

Ndani ali ndi bitcoin yanu kwenikweni?

Ndi chikwama chaumwini, inu muli ndi ulamuliro wonse.

Mukamakhazikitsa, chimapanga mawu a chinsinsi: ndondomeko ya mawu 12 kapena 24 wamba omwe ayenera kulembedwa motsatira dongosolo. Mawu amenewa ndi chinsinsi chanu chobwezeretsera, kuchokera pomwe makiyi achinsinsi a chikwama chanu amachokera. Aliyense amene ali nawo akhoza kubwezeretsa chikwama chanu ndi kuwongolera ndalama zanu.

Lembani pansi pa pepala ndikusunga pamalo otetezeka, osalumikizidwa ndi intaneti. Musajambule chithunzi chake, musatumize pa imelo, kapena kusunga pa digito. Kumbukirani: aliyense amene ali ndi mawu amenewa ali ndi mwayi pa bitcoin yanu, ndipo ngati mutawataya popanda kubwezeretsa, bitcoin yanu imatha kosatha.

Ndi chikwama cha kampani, kampani imasunga bitcoin yanu m'malo mwanu, ngati banki.

Kukhazikitsa kwake ndi kosavuta ndipo simuyenera kusamalira mawu a chinsinsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zochepa komanso zolipira tsiku ndi tsiku. Koma, mumadalira kampaniyo ndi ndalama zanu, ndipo ngati atatseka maakaunti, kuba, kapena kutseka, mungataye mwayi wanu.

Mawu ofunikira m'dziko la Bitcoin: osakhala ndi makiyi, osakhala ndi ndalama.

Nawa ena mwa ma chikwama omwe mungayesere nokha. Monga nthawi zonse, funsani zambiri nokha ndikumvetsetsa zomwe mukuchita musanapereke ndalama zomwe simukufuna kutaya.

Ma chikwama aumwini

Ma chikwama a kampani

Poyambira, chikwama chilichonse chaumwini chomwe tatchulachi ndi chisankho chabwino chomwe chimakutsogolerani pa njira yopanga mawu a chinsinsi.

Kwa malipiro ang'onoang'ono a tsiku ndi tsiku, Blink ndi Wallet of Satoshi ndi ma chikwama a Lightning a kampani. Ndi achangu, otsika mtengo, komanso osavuta kwa oyamba.

The Lightning Network ndi gawo lomwe limamangidwa pamwamba pa blockchain ya Bitcoin lomwe lapangidwa kuti lizichita malonda mwachangu komanso mwotsika mtengo, loyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku.

Ndalama za fiat zawonongeka mwadala

Dongosololi limamangidwa m'njira yomwe pang'onopang'ono limachotsa mphamvu yogulira kwa osunga ndalama wamba ndikupereka kwa amene amalamulira ndalama. Izi si chiwembu, zikuonekera mu deta ndipo mbiri imatsimikizira.

Bitcoin ndi njira yeniyeni ina

Kuyambira mu 2009, pakhala mtundu wa ndalama womwe ndi wosowa, wopanda tsankho, komanso wotseguka kwa aliyense, womwe ukubwezeretsa ntchito zazikulu zomwe ndalama ziyenera kuchita popanda kufunikira kokhulupirira bungwe kapena ulamuliro uliwonse.

Kuyamba ndi kosavuta kuposa momwe zimawonekera

Tsitsani wallet, phunzirani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito, ndipo yambani ndi zochepa. Simuyenera kumvetsa zonse musanayambe. Kumvetsa kumabwera ndi kuchita.

Ichi ndi chiyambi chabe

The Bitcoin Diploma ndi sitepe yotsatira, yomanga pa zomwe mwaphunzira pano. Pitirizani kukhala ndi chidwi, pitirizani kufunsa mafunso, ndipo takulandirani mu chitsime cha mbuzi. Dziwani zambiri pa www.myfirstbitcoin.org